The Periodic Table

THE PERIODIC TABLE

The Periodic Table is a diagram (not a table), in which all the known materials are. In the Periodic Table you can find the 118 known materials. These materials make the matter of all the universe. 

Each material has an specific order,because each material can be ordered by the number of protons or electrons (in a neutral atom). 
Ex: Hydrogen has 1 atom so it is the element number 1.

Each material is made of: 

The NUCLEUS 

The nucleus of an atom is made of Protons and Neutrons.The proton is a subatomic particle with a positive elementary electric charge 1, equal in absolute value and opposite sign to that of the electron, and a mass 1836 times greater than that of an electron.

The neutron is a subatomic particle, a nucleon, without net charge, present in the atomic nucleus of virtually all atoms, except the protium.

Although it is said that the neutron has no charge, it is actually composed of three charged fundamental particles called quarks, whose summed charges are zero.

The ORBITALS WITH ELECTRONS

In physics, the electron, commonly represented by the symbol e⁻, is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge An electron has no known components or substructure; In other words, it is generally defined as an elementary particle.It Orbits the Nucleus in orbitals.

PERIODIC TABLE AND TRENDS:

The periodic table is divided into groups and periods. The Groups are diferent types of elements, as how the name says "groups" the properties of the elements define the groups. They are organized in columns. The groups also define the valence electrons (which are the # of electrons in the last electron Shell. The elements 57 to 71 and 89 to 104 and are Lanthanides and Acthinides, which by the properties are apart from the rest of the periodic table. Groups of the periodic table and their properties The Periods (horizontally) define the number of shells (orbitals of electrons) of an element.If an element is on the period 2, is because the element has 2 shells around the nucleus. Periods of the periodic table By all this information you can understand the most complex information. ISOTOPES AND IONS! INTERACTIVE PERIODIC TABLE